It became an architectural monument of the 17th century. This is the church of the Descent of the Holy Spirit on the apostles. Until recently, the scientific library of the museum-reserve was located there.
Outside the gates of the Kremlin, in a secluded place, on the very edge of the hill, there is a small white stone church of the Descent of the Holy Spirit. Golden stars on the edges and pear-shaped heads crowned with crosses create a special beauty. There is also a rare architectural element - the temple has only two apses, altar ledges adjacent to the building. The church is part of a monastery that was once located here, built in 1505 under the last Ryazan Princess Agrippina. For the first centuries of its existence, the monastery was made of wood and burned more than once. In 1783, during another fire, the fire completely destroyed the monastery. Only this church of the Holy Spirit has been preserved, because it was built of stone.
"A stone block was discovered above the western portal — a foundation stone. This foundation stone revealed to us the name of the man who was the architect of this temple — Vasily Kharitonovich Zubov. This stone is now in the funds of the Ryazan Historical and Architectural Museum of the Reserve," says nun Meletiya (Pankova), chief curator of church valuables of the Ryazan Kremlin, deputy director of the church museum "Ancient Storehouse".
The Dukhovskaya Church stood in oblivion for almost 15 years after the fire of 1783. At the end of the 18th century, Princess Alexandra Kozlovskaya invested all her available funds not only in the restoration of the church, but also in the construction of a new monastery in honor of the holy Martyr Alexandra of Rome. The church is small in size, but very elegant and recognizable thanks to the two tents.
The temple operated for almost three centuries, but after the revolution, since 1929, the building housed the Ryazan water transport workers club. But the services here were stopped earlier - the building was given over to grain storage. The rivermen in the first year applied for permission to break the bell tower and dome. And for performances, a stage was built in place of the altar. Since 1964, the church has housed the library of the Ryazan Museum of Local Lore. Recently, a prayer was performed here for the first time in decades. And soon it is planned to hold an exhibition dedicated to the period of persecution of the church and the memory of the confessor Patriarch Tikhon (Belavin) 
It will take a lot of effort to restore the temple to its former appearance. The church became the last on the territory of the Kremlin, which was transferred to the jurisdiction of the diocese. In total, more than 20 objects of this pearl of the Ryazan region were returned to the Russian Orthodox Church.