St. Peter of Moscow was born in Volhynia from pious parents Theodore and Eupraxia. Even before the birth of her son, in a dream vision, the Lord revealed to Eupraxia the blessed predestination of her son. At the age of 12, young Peter entered a monastery. By that time, he had successfully studied the sciences of books and began to fulfill monastic obediences with special zeal. The future saint devoted a lot of time to the careful study of the Holy Scriptures and learned iconography. Icons painted by Monk Peter were distributed to the brethren and Christians visiting the monastery. 
For his virtuous ascetic life, the abbot of the monastery ordained monk Peter to the rank of hieromonk. After many years of exploits in the monastery, Hieromonk Peter, having asked for the blessing of the abbot, left the monastery in search of a secluded place. He set up a cell on the river Rata and began to ascribe in silence. Subsequently, a monastery was formed on the site of the exploits, called Novodvorsky. A church in the Name of the Savior was built for the monks who came. Elected abbot, Saint Peter meekly instructed the spiritual children, never got angry at the guilty monk, and taught the brethren by word and example. The virtuous ascetic abbot became known far beyond the monastery. Prince Yuri Lvovich of Galicia often came to the monastery to hear the spiritual instructions of the holy ascetic.
Once Metropolitan Maxim of Vladimir visited the monastery, who was walking around the Russian land with a word of instruction and edification. Accepting the holy blessing, Abbot Peter brought as a gift the image of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, painted by him, before which Saint Maxim prayed for the salvation of the Russian land entrusted to him by God until the end of his life.
When Metropolitan Maxim died, the Vladimir Pulpit remained unoccupied for some time. The Grand Duke of Vladimir, and at that time Saint Michael of Tver (November 22), sent his associate and like-minded Abbot Gerontius to the Patriarch of Constantinople with a request to place him in the Russian Metropolis.
On the advice of Prince Yuri of Galicia, Hegumen Peter also went to the Patriarch of Constantinople to accept the holy see. God chose St. Peter's Church to nourish the Russian Church. The Mother of God appeared to Gerontius sailing the Black Sea at night during a storm and said: "You are working in vain, you will not get the holy orders. The one who wrote Me, the Russian Abbot Peter, will be enthroned to the Russian Metropolis." The words of the Mother of God were exactly fulfilled: Patriarch Athanasius of Constantinople (1289-1293) with the cathedral elevated St. Peter to the Russian Metropolis, handing him the holy vestments, the rod and the icon brought by Gerontius. Upon his return to Russia in 1308, Metropolitan Peter stayed in Kiev for a year, and then moved to Vladimir.
The primate experienced many difficulties in the early years of his administration of the Russian Metropolis. There was no firm order in the Russian land that suffered under the Tatar yoke, and St. Peter often had to change his place of residence. During this period, the saint's labors and concerns about the establishment of true faith and morality in the state were especially important. During his constant visits to the dioceses, he tirelessly taught the people and the clergy about the strict preservation of Christian piety. He called the warring princes to peacefulness and unity.
In 1312, the saint traveled to the Horde, where he received a letter from the Uzbek Khan protecting the rights of the Russian clergy.
In 1325, St. Peter, at the request of Grand Duke John Danilovich Kalita (1328-1340), moved the metropolitan see from Vladimir to Moscow. This event was of great importance for the whole Russian land. St. Peter prophetically predicted the liberation from the Tatar yoke and the future rise of Moscow as the center of all Russia.
With his blessing, the cathedral in honor of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary was laid in the Moscow Kremlin in August 1326. It was a deeply significant blessing of the great Primate of the Russian land. On December 21, 1326, St. Peter departed to God. The holy body of the primate was buried in the Assumption Cathedral in a stone coffin, which he prepared himself. Many miracles were performed through the prayers of the saint of God. Many healings were performed in secret, which testifies to the saint's deep humility even after death. Russian Russian Orthodox Church's deep reverence for the primate has been confirmed and spread throughout the Russian land since the day of his repose. 13 years later, in 1339, under St. Theognost, he was canonized. At the tomb of the saint, the princes kissed the cross as a sign of loyalty to the Grand Duke of Moscow. As a particularly revered patron saint of Moscow, the saint was called to witness the drafting of state treaties. The Novgorodians, who had the right to elect their lords at St. Sophia, after joining Moscow under John III, swore to place their archbishops only at the tomb of St. Peter the Wonderworker. Russian primates were named and elected at the tomb of the saint.
Russian chronicles constantly mention him, and no significant state undertaking was complete without prayer at the tomb of St. Peter. In 1472 and 1479, the relics of St. Peter were transferred. Celebrations on October 5 and August 24 have been established in memory of these events.
The one-day celebration in honor of the All-Russian saints Peter, Alexy and Jonah was established by Patriarch Job on October 5, 1596. St. Philip was numbered among them in 1875 at the request of St. Innocent, Metropolitan of Moscow (commemorated on March 31 and September 23), and St. Hermogenes in 1913.
Celebrating the memory of the saints on the same day, the Church gives each of them equal honor as the heavenly patrons of the city of Moscow and prayer books for our Fatherland.